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Study Shows Teen Contraception Use Declining, Level Of Sexual Activity Unchanged
After years of declining teenage pregnancy rates and improved teen contraception use during the 1990s and early 2000s, the trends appeared to have flattened or even reversed among some groups of teens in recent years, according to a study from Columbia University"s Mailman School of Public Health and the Guttmacher Institute, the Christian Science Monitor reports. Researchers found that from 2003 to 2007, teens" contraceptive use declined by 10%, while their level of sexual activity did not change. The decrease in contraceptive use was particularly prevalent among black teens. The figures take into account the rate of contraception use as well as the types of contraceptives used, as methods vary in effectiveness. Teen condom use leveled off and in some cases declined, according to the study. The study also reported that the teen birth rate increased by 5% from 2005 to 2007. According to the study"s authors, the findings suggest a link between declining teen contraception use and the rise in abstinence-only education during former President George W. Bush"s administration. President Obama"s fiscal year 2010 budget proposal calls for redirecting some abstinence-only funds toward increased comprehensive sex education, the Monitor reports. In addition to the effects of abstinence-only sex education, the decline in condom use also could be tied to lessening concern about sexually transmitted infections, including HIV/AIDS. A shift in the teen population to include a higher number of Hispanics -- who have the highest rates of teen pregnancy and birth -- also could contribute to the findings. Laura Lindberg, one of the study"s authors and a senior research associate at Guttmacher, said, "In the end, this story is really about the loss of momentum." She added that although the statistical changes are small, "they raise concern about what the next few years will bring in this country." Sarah Brown, director of the National Campaign To Prevent Teen and Unplanned Pregnancy, noted that the proportion of births to unmarried women, particularly among women ages 20 to 24, also is on the upswing (Feldmann, Christian Science Monitor, 6/18).
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Industry Leaders Offer Solutions For Health Care Reform
The Chicago Tribune published a series of articles on industry"s solutions for health care reform. The paper "turned to Chicago-area leaders in three key segments of the industry: insurers, medical providers and pharmacy," and presented their "thoughts on how best to expand medical-care coverage to all Americans."
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$7.7B For H1N1 Included In House War-Spending Bill; India Says Developed Countries Can Do More To Prevent Spread
The U.S. House of Representatives on Tuesday narrowly passed a $106 billion war-funding bill, which "included 7.7 billion to help the nation prepare for an outbreak of the H1N1 virus, the so-called swine flu," the Washington Times reports (Rowland, Washington Times, 6/17). The spending bill will now move to the Senate for consideration (Pelofsky, Reuters, 6/16).
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Recent Releases: Polio Eradication; Chagas Disease Discovery Anniversary; River Blindness; Malaria Tools; Childhood Malnutrition

MMWR Examines Polio Eradication In India The latest edition of Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report includes an article about polio eradication in India, which is the "most populous of the four remaining countries (including Afghanistan, Nigeria, and Pakistan) where transmission of wild poliovirus (WPV) has never been interrupted." According to the journal, eradicating polio in the country is dependent on "ongoing efforts to interrupt remaining WPV transmission simultaneously in high-risk areas" (7/10). Recent Releases About Chagas Disease As 100-Year Anniversary Approaches As the 100th anniversary of the discovery of Trypanosoma cruzi and its connection to Chagas disease (CD) approaches, the authors of an editorial in PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases write, "We must run at least twice as fast to increase our efforts to control this poverty-promoting disease." They conclude, "By controlling CD and other [Neglected Tropical Diseases] in Latin Americạ€¦ the most vulnerable populations in this region may be in a better position to achieve the Millennium Development Goals" (Franco-Paredes/ Bottazzi/Hotez, 7/7). A related article in PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases explores treatment for the disease. The authors conclude, "One century after the discovery by Chagas, progress has been made along the path to understanding and controlling CD; however, much remains to be done in order to truly be able to adequately treat this disease afflicting a reported 9.8 million patients" (Ribeiro et al. 7/7). Medecins Sans Frontieres (MSF) kicked off a campaign and issued a report to raise international awareness about CD. MSF will advocate for endemic countries to increase diagnosis and treatment measures, according to an MSF release (7/9). Fight Against River Blindness Can Help With Combating Other Diseases A recent Lancet editorial describes efforts to fight onchocerciasis or river blindness worldwide. According to the editorial, the "drawbacks of some of today"s treatments in terms of cost and toxicity, as well as difficulties that could be raised by comorbid diseases" should be considered, but "the benefits of innovation and research need to be harnessed by greater investment in developing new therapeutic agents against familiar infectious diseases." The lessons and "mutual benefits of collaboration" used in fighting river blindness "should be heeded and reapplied to intractable tropical diseases such as Chagas disease and leishmaniasis, as well as to prominent public health challenges, including malaria," the Lancet writes (7/11). Without Improved Diagnostics, Funding For Antimalarial Therapy Risks Being Wasted, BMJ Analysis Piece Argues Though "[m]alaria incidence is likely to continue to fall in many parts of Africa over the next few years as preventive measures are implemented and sustained," an analysis piece appearing in the British Medical Journal calls for greater funding toward the development of improved tools to better diagnose and track the disease in the region. "Investment in the infrastructure and training to achieve this will not only avoid wasting antimalarial drugs, but will provide a basis for tackling other febrile illness" and "build structures that will provide long term health benefits," the authors write (Hopkins/Asiimwe/Bell, 7/7). Lancet Comment Explores Severe Acute Malnutrition In Children In a comment published in the journal Lancet, Zulfigar Bhutta of Aga Khan University"s Division of Women & Child Health, writes about severe acute malnutrition in children. She examines where the condition occurs most often and how it is addressed. "Persistently high rates of severe acute malnutrition are a stark reminder of failings in state responsibility and public health systems," Bhutta writes. "The current Millennium Development Goal indicators for nutrition also do not specifically include severe acute malnutrition. If there was ever a face of poverty and policy failure that we might focus on, it is the proportion of severely malnourished children and fundamentals of equitable access to food and health care," Bhutta concludes (Bhutta, 7/11). This information was reprinted from globalhealth.kff.org with kind permission from the Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation. You can view the entire Kaiser Daily Global Health Policy Report, search the archives and sign up for email delivery at globalhealth.kff.org. © Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation. All rights reserved.


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